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এপ্রিলফুল এর ইতিহাস বড়ই বেদনা দায়ক।

এপ্রিলফুল এর ইতিহাস বড়ই বেদনা দায়ক। এখন থেকে প্রায় 500 বছর আগে স্পেন ছিল মুসলিমদের দেশ। এই দেশটি মুসলিমদের নিয়ন্ত্রনে ছিল প্রায় আট শত বছর। ক্রসেড-রা দীর্ঘ দিন ধরে স্পেনকে নিজেদের দখলের নেওয়ার চেষ্টা করছিল। এজন্য তারা ধম যুদ্ধের নামে বিভিন্ন সময় স্পেনে আক্রমন করত। কিন্তু স্পেনের মুসলিমদের সাথে যুদ্ধ করে তারা বরা্বই পরাজিত হত। মুসলিমরা এই দেশটাকে এতটাই আধুনিক ভাবে সাজিযে ছিল যা ছিল সত্যিই অস...াধারন। আজও স্পেনের সেই শহরগুলো এক একটি অপূর্ব ঐতিহাসিক নিদশন। যাহা মানুষকে এখনও মুগ্ধ করে। মুসলিমরা ভালই ছিল স্পেনে। কিন্তু একটা পর্য়ায়ে মুসলিমরা ইসলামে হতে দুরে সরে যেতে লাগল। তার ইসলাম প্রচার প্রসার ও ইসলাম পালনের প্রতি অনিহা বাড়তে লাগল এবং তারা দুনিয়ামুখি হযে গেল। এবং এক পয়ায়ে মুসলিমদের ইমানের অবস্থা খুবই শোচনীয় হয়ে পড়ল। ঠিক এমন এক সময় খ্রিষ্টানরা মুসলিমদের উপর আবারও আক্রমন করল। যদিও কিছুম মুসলিম বীর ও তাদের সাথিরা চরম ভাবে আক্রমনকে প্রতিহত করল এবং ক্রসেড বাহিনীকে প্রায় পরাজিত করে ফেলেছিল। কিন্তু শেষ রক্ষা আর হলো না। এক্ষেত্রে খ্রিষ্টানরা(ক্রসেড) মিথ্যা কৈাশল অবলম্বন করল। তারা প্রচার করতে লাগল যে স্পেইন এখন তাদের দখলে। এবং তারা ঘোষনা দিয়ে দিল। যে সকল মুসলিমরা মিসজিদে আশ্রয় নিবে এবং সমুদ্র গামী জাহাজে আশ্রয় নিবে তারা নিরাপদ। দূবল ইমানের মুসলিমরা শত্রুদের কথা মতো কাজ করল। তারা মসজিদ ও জাহাজে আশ্রয় নিল। পরে ক্রসেড বাহিনী সকল মসজিদকে তালা বদ্ধ করল, এই বলে যতে মুসলিমরা নিরাপদে থাকে। পরে তারা সকল মসজিদ গুলোতে আগুন ধরি্য়ে মুসলিমদের পুড়িয়ে হত্যা করল। আর জাহাজ গুলোকে তার ডুবিয়ে দিল। এভাবে স্পেন থেকে মুসলিমদের পরাজিত করল। এবং সেখানে এমন একজন মুসলিমও ছিল না যে কিনা আজান দিবে। বিগত 500 বছর স্পেনে কোন আজান হয়নি।মাত্র বছর 2 আগে আজানের অনুমতি দেওয়া হয়েছে। আর এভাবে এপ্রিল মাসে মুসলিমদের বোকা বানিয়ে পরাজিত করেছিল। মুসলিমদের এই পরাজয়কে স্বরন করে খ্রিষ্টানরা এপ্রিল ফুল পালন করে থাকে। আর আমরা মুসলিমরা এখনও বোকার মত এপ্রিল ফুল পালন করে নিজেদেরকে আরো বোকা হিসাবে পরিচয় দিয়ে থাকি।

The Role of Banking in the Economy of Bangladesh

Definition of Banking:

The term banking is defined as “accepting, for the purpose of lending or investment, of deposits of money from the public, repayable on demand or otherwise and withdrawable by cheque, draft, and order or otherwise”.
It is thus clear that the underline principle of business of banking is that the resources mobilized through the acceptance of deposits must constitute the main stream of funds which are to be utilized for lending and investment purposes. The banker is thus an intermediary and deals with money belonging to the public.
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 Operational Definition of a Bank:

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A bank is an institution whose current operation consists in granting loans and receiving deposits from the public. The fact that both loans and deposits are offered is important because it is the combination of lending and borrowing that is typical of commercial bank.
Thus the specified definition of bank that “ A bank is a financial institution refers to a financial intermediary which collect fund from surplus households and mobilized those fund to deficit households engaged in manufacturing and trading activities”. Bank generally collect fund from surplus households at a lower interest rate and extend loans to industrial and trading firms at a higher rate. The difference between the lending and borrowing rates represent the profit of the financial institution.


Bangladesh Civil Service [BCS]


Bangladesh Civil Service Examination
Bangladesh Civil Service Examination is the largest recruitment test administered by Bangladesh Government. Considering the multi-level process and depth, it is unique among its kind in the country. The intakes are appointed as first class government officers in different ministries and department of the Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. BCS Exams are held for different cadres.
The 29th BCS examination circular had a vacancy of 1581 positions in 15 general cadres and 10 professional cadres

SWIFT


 
Introduction:

Need to transfer money overseas? Today, it is easy to walk into a bank and transfer money anywhere around the globe. But how does this happen? Behind most international money and security transfers is the SWIFT system, a vast messaging network used by banks and other financial institutions to quickly, accurately, and securely send and receive information such as money transfer instructions. Every day, nearly 10,000 SWIFT member institutions send approximately 24 million messages on the network. The SWIFT network provides a communications platform through which financial institutions exchange standardized financial messages. According to the SWIFT website, more than 10,500 corporations and financial institutions in 215 countries use this platform. SWIFT estimates that, worldwide, about 90 percent of LC and DC transactions go through the SWIFT network, but this number is likely much higher for U.S. activity since practically all banks in the United States use this service. Whenever a bank in an importing country issues a letter of credit, it sends a so-called MT700 message to the U.S. bank involved; when it releases a payment related to a documentary collection, it sends an MT400 message to the U.S. bank. The message specifies the terms of the letter of credit or the payment, including the names of the trading parties, the banks involved and the goods traded. Our SWIFT data set shows the number of MT700 and MT400 messages received by banks located in the United States by sender country at a monthly frequency from 2003 to 2012. From the fourth quarter of 2010 onward, we also know the total value of the messages in dollars. Because the value data is available for only a relatively short period, and message counts and amounts are highly correlated, we mainly use the count data for the analysis.



Assignment on The Human Resource Manager’s Proficiencies



In recent years, it is an fact that most top management in successful organizations recognizes the critical role, human resource management can play in achieving a company’ strategic goals. Although some may not commit resources toward improving that component of the business, they are aware in principle that human capital – the employees’ knowledge, skills and experiences can have a big effect on important organizational outcomes such as customer satisfaction and profitability.


Job Analysis Methods, Observation Method

Though there are several methods of collecting job analysis information yet choosing the one or a combination of more than one method depends upon the needs and requirements of organization and the objectives of the job analysis process. Typically, all the methods focus on collecting the basic job-related information but when used in combination may bring out the hidden or overlooked information and prove to be great tools for creating a perfect job-candidate fit.
Selecting an appropriate job analysis method depends on the structure of the organization, hierarchical levels, nature of job and responsibilities and duties involved in it. So, before executing any method, all advantages and disadvantages should be analyzed because the data collected through this process serves a great deal and helps organizations cope with current market trends, organizational changes, high attrition rate and many other day-to-day problems.
Let’s discuss few of job analysis methods that are commonly used by the organizations to investigate the demands of a specific job.

Job Analysis Methods

 Job Analysis Methods

Most Common Methods of Job Analysis

The Activities of Dhaka Stock Exchange



(1)  INTRODUCTION

This report titled “The Activities of Dhaka Stock Exchange” is prepared to fulfill the requirement of the internship program of the B.B.A degree. It is mandatory requirement of the program that require a student to work in a particular organization for minimum three months. This report, which contains the outcome of a project assigned by the Dhaka Stock Exchange Ltd., is presented to the concerned teacher as well as the organization

Operating and Managerial Structure of Dhaka Stock Exchange Existing problem and possible solution


Acknowledgement

A report, book, project paper or thesis paper requires a lot of information from various corners. This paper represents the Operating and Managerial Structure of Dhaka Stock Exchange Existing problem and possible solution, a stock performing in Bangladesh. I express a deep debt of gratitude to my department teacher Abdul Basek Mondol lecturer and Supervisor of my group, BBA 4th year, Finance and Banking  , Govt. Titumir college, Dhaka under National University, Gazipur, Bangladesh, who has given me the opportunity and directions to prepare such a useful paper.

Mobile Banking in Bangladesh: A Case Study on DBBL Mobile Banking (Rocket).



Mobile Banking in Bangladesh: A Case Study on DBBL Mobile Banking (Rocket).



1.1 Introduction
Mobile banking is a service provided by a bank or other financial institution that allows its customers to conduct a range of financial transactions remotely using a mobile device such as a mobile phone or tablet, and using software, usually called an app, provided by the financial institution for the purpose. Mobile banking is usually available on a 24-hour basis. Some financial institutions have restrictions on which accounts may be accessed through mobile banking, as well as a limit on the amount that can be transacted.
The types of financial transactions which a customer may transact through mobile banking include obtaining account balances and list of latest transactions, electronic bill payments, and funds transfers between a customer's or another's accounts.